For an introduction and overview of recent work in error-driven learning in language, see our Special Issue published in Language, Cognition and Neuroscience. Edited together with Fabian Tomaschek. Emergence of speech and language from prediction error: error-driven language models.

See also the proceedings of the First and Second International Conferences on Error-Driven Learning in Language (EDLL 2021 and EDLL 2022) on my Presentations page.

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Tomaschek, F., Ramscar, M. and Nixon, J. S. (2024). The keys to the future? An examination of associative versus discriminative accounts of Serial Pattern Learning. Cognitive Science, 48: e13404. pdf Journal open access

Nixon, J. S., and Tomaschek, F. (2023). Introduction to the Special Issue: Emergence of speech and language from prediction error: error-driven language models. Language, Cognition and Neuroscience, 38:4, 411-418, DOI: 10.1080/23273798.2023.2197650 Journal open access

Nixon, J. S., and Tomaschek, F. (2023). Does speech comprehension require phonemes? In M. Diaz-Campos & S. Balasch (Eds.), The Handbook of Usage-Based Linguistics (161-178). Wiley Blackwell Publishing.

Note: After a long discussion, I have been informed by the publisher that this chapter will be under embargo for a period of 12 months, after which time I may put a version here on my website. If you would like a copy of the chapter before the embargo period is up, please contact me for options. Thank you and apologies for the inconvenience.

Nixon, J. S., and Tomaschek, F. (2023). Learning and Adaptation of Communication Systems in Biological Life Forms. In Vakoch, D. A. and Punske, J. (Eds.), Xenolinguistics. Routledge, New York.

Meixner, J. M., Nixon, J. S., and Laubrock, J. (2022). The perceptual span IS DYNAMICALLY adjustED In RESPONSE to foveal load BY Beginning readers. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 151(6), 1219–1232. Preprint pdf. Journal “Paper of the month” Potsdam Cognitive Sciences, July 2022

Nixon, J. S., Poelstra, S. and van Rij, J. (2022). Does error-driven learning occur in the absence of cues? Examination of the effects of updating connection weights to absent cues. In J. Culbertson, A. Perfors, H. Rabagliati & V. Ramenzoni (Eds.), Proceedings of the 44th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society (pp. 2590--2597). Retrieved from https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7m51q4pn pdf

Nixon, J. S., and Tomaschek, F. (2021). Prediction and error in early infant speech learning: a speech acquisition model. Cognition, 212, 104697. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2021.104697 Journal open access

Nixon, J. S., and Tomaschek, F. (2020). Learning from the acoustic signal: Error-driven learning of low-level acoustics discriminates vowel and consonant pairs. In S. Denison., M. Mack, Y. Xu, & B.C. Armstrong (Eds.) Proceedings of the 42nd Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society (pp. 585--591). Cognitive Science Society. pdf

Nixon, J. S. (2020). Of mice and men: Speech sound acquisition as discriminative learning from prediction error, not just statistical tracking. Cognition. 197, 104081. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2019.104081 pdf Journal open access

Jiao, D., Watson, V., Wong, S. G.-J., Gnevsheva, K. & Nixon, J. S. (2019). Age estimation in foreign-accented speech by non-native speakers of English. Speech Communication. 106, 118- 126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.specom.2018.12.005 pdf Journal open access

Nixon, J. S. (2018). Effective acoustic cue learning is not just statistical, it is discriminative. In Proceedings of the 19th Annual Conference of the International Speech Communication Association, September 2-6, Hyderabad, India. pdf

Nixon, J. S. & Best, C. (2018). Acoustic variability affects eye movement behaviour during non- native speech perception. In Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Speech Prosody (493—497). pdf

Boll-Avetisyan, N., Nixon, J. S. Lentz, T. O., Liu, L., van Ommen, S., Çöltekin, Ç. and van Rij, J. (2018). Neural response development during distributional learning. In Interspeech 2018 – Proceedings of the 19th Annual Conference of the International Speech Communication Association (pp. 1432-1436). pdf

Nixon, J. S., Boll-Avetisyan, N., Lentz, T. O., van Ommen, S., Keij, B., Coltekin, C., Liu, L. and van Rij, J. (2018). Short-term exposure enhances perception of both between- and within-category acoustic information. In Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Speech Prosody (pp. 114--118). pdf

Nixon, J. S., van Rij, J., Mok, P., Baayen, R. H. and Chen, Y. (2016). Temporal dynamics of perceptual uncertainty: eye movement evidence from Cantonese segment and tone perception. Journal of Memory and Language. 90, 103-125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2016.03.005 pdf Journal

Nixon, J. S., Chen, Y. and Schiller, N. (2015). Multi-level processing of phonetic variants in speech production and visual word processing: evidence from Mandarin lexical tones. Language, Cognition & Neuroscience. 30 (5) 491-505. Journal Online access Leiden University

Nixon, J. S., van Rij, J. Li X. and Chen, Y. (2015). Cross-category phonological effects on ERP amplitude demonstrate context-specific processing during reading aloud. In A. Botinis, (Ed.), Experimental Linguistics: Proceedings of the International Conference of Experimental Linguistics (pp. 54-57). Athens, Greece. pdf

Nixon, J. S., van Rij, J., Mok, P., Baayen, R. H. and Chen, Y. (2015). Eye movements reflect acoustic cue informativity and statistical noise. In A. Botinis, (Ed.), Experimental Linguistics: Proceedings of the International Conference of Experimental Linguistics. (pp. 50-53). Athens, Greece.

Nixon, J. S. (2014). Sound of Mind: electrophysiological and behavioural evidence for the role of context, variation and informativity in human speech processing. (Doctoral Dissertation). ISBN 978-90-8891-975-6 pdf

Publications